Improving processing efficiency or performance or restructuring of software to improve changeability is known as
1.Corrective maintenance
2.Perfective maintenance
3. Adaptive maintenance
4.Code maintenance
In which one of the following, continuous process improvement is done?
1.ISO9001
2.RMMM
3.CMM
4.None of the above
Software Engineering is a discipline that integrates ………….. for the development of computer software.
1.Process
2.Methods
3.Tools
4.All of the above
Software safety is a ................... activity that focuses on the identification and assessment of potential hazards that may affect software negatively and cause an entire system to fail.
1.Risk mitigation, monitoring and management
2.Software quality assurance
3.Software cost estimation
4.Defect removal efficiency
Which one of the following statements, related to the requirements phase in Software Engineering, is incorrect ?
1.Requirement validation†is one of the activities in the requirements phase.
2.“Prototyping†is one of the methods for requirement analysis.
3.Modelling-oriented approach†is one of the methods for specifying the functional specifications.
4.“Function points†is one of the most commonly used size metric for requirements.
Which one of the items listed below is not one of the software engineering layers ?
1.Process
2.Manufacturing
3.Method
4.Tools
Which one of these are not software maintenance activity?
1.Error correction b.
2.Adaptation
3.Implementation of Enhancement
4.Establishing scope
............... is a process model that removes defects before they can precipitate serious hazards.
1.Incremental model
2.Spiral model
3.Cleanroom software engineering
4.Agile model
................ of a system is the structure or structures of the system which comprise software elements, the externally visible properties of these elements and the relationship amongst them.
1.Software construction
2.Software evolution
3.Software architecture
4.Software reuse
A good software design must have
1.High module coupling, High module cohesion
2.High module coupling, Low module cohesion
3. Low module coupling, High module cohesion
4.Low module coupling, Low module cohesion
An SRS
1.establishes the basis for agreement between client and the supplier.
2. provides a reference for validation of the final product.
3.is a prerequisite to high quality software.
4.All of the above
Any error whose cause cannot be identified anywhere within the software system is called …………..
1.Internal error
2.External error
3.Inherent error
4. Logic error
Are we building the right product ? This statement refers to
1.Verification
2.Validation
3.Testing
4.Software quality assurance
“Black†refers in the “Black-box†testing means
1.Characters of the movie “Blackâ€
2. I – O is hidden
3.Design is hidden
4.Users are hidden
By means of a data flow diagram, the analyst can detect
1.Task duplication
2.Unnecessary delays
3.Task overlapping
4.All of the above
COCOMO stands for
1.COmposite COst MOdel
2.COnstructive COst MOdel
3.COnstructive COmposite MOdel
4.COmprehensive COnstruction MOdel
Consider the following characteristics: (i) Correct and unambiguous (ii) Complete and consistent (iii) Ranked for importance and/or stability and verifiable (iv) Modifiable and Traceable Which of the following is true for a good SRS?
1.(i), (ii) and (iii)
2. (i), (iii) and (iv)
3.(ii), (iii) and (iv)
4. (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)
Design phase will usually be
1.top-down
2.bottom-up
3.random
4.centre fringing
Design recovery from source code is done during
1. reverse engineering
2.re-engineering
3. reuse
4.All of the above
Emergency fixes known as patches are result of
1.adaptive maintenance
2.perfective maintenance
3. corrective maintenance
4.None of the above
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)
1.has existed for over a decade.
2.does not integrate well with the functional areas other than operations.
3.is inexpensive to implement.
4.automate and integrates the majority of business processes.
Equivalence class partitioning approach is used to divide the input domain into a set of equivalence classes, so that if a program works correctly for a value, then it will work correctly for all the other values in that class. This is used .................
1.to partition the program in the form of classes
2.to reduce the number of test cases required
3.for designing test cases in white box testing
4. all of the above
Equivalence partitioning is a ................ testing method that divides the input domain of a program into classes of data from which test cases can be derived.
1.White box
2.Black box
3.Regression
4.Smoke
Equivalence partitioning is a .................. method that divides the input domain of a program into classes of data from which test cases can be derived.
1.White-box testing
2. Black-box testing
3.Orthogonal array testing
4.Stress testing
Following is used to demonstrate that the new release of software still performs the old one did by rerunning the old tests :
1.Functional testing
2. Path testing
3.Stress testing
4.Regression testing
For a data entry project for office staff who have never used computers before (user interface and user-friendliness are extremely important), one will use
1.Spiral model
2.Component based model
3.Prototyping
4.Waterfall model
If a process is under statistical control, then it is
1.Maintainable
2.Measurable
3.Predictable
4.Verifiable
In ...............,modules A and B make use of a common data type, but perhaps perform different operations on it.
1.Data coupling
2.Stamp coupling
3.Control coupling
4.Content coupling
In a function oriented design, we
1. minimize cohesion and maximize coupling
2.maximize cohesion and minimize coupling
3.maximize cohesion and maximize coupling
4.minimize cohesion and minimize coupling
In CRC based design, a CRC Team consists of : (a) one or two users representatives (b) several programmers (c) project co-ordinators (d) one or two system analysts
1.(a) and (c)
2.(a), (b), (c) and (d)
3.(a), (c) and (d)
4. (a), (b) and (d)
In function point analysis, the number of complexity adjustment factors is
1.10
2.12
3.14
4.24
In generalisation, the differences between members of an entity is
1.maximized
2.minimized
3.both a & b
4.None of these
In software testing, how the error, fault and failure are related to each other?
1.Error leads to failure but fault is not related to error and failure
2.Error leads to failure but fault is not related to error and failure
3.Error leads to fault and fault leads to failure
4.Fault leads to error and error leads to failure
Key process areas of CMM level 4 are also classified by a process which is
1.CMM level 2
2.CMM level 3
3. CMM level 5
4. All of the above
KPA in CMM stands for
1.Key Process Area
2.Key Product Area
3.Key Principal Area
4. Key Performance Area
Main aim of software engineering is to produce
1. program
2.software
3.within budget
4.software within budget in the given schedule
Many causes of the software crisis can be traced to mythology based on
1.Management Myths
2.Customer Myths
3.Practitioner Myths
4.All of the above
Match each application/software design concept in List-I to its definition in List-II.
List-I List-II
I. Coupling (a) Easy to visually inspect the design of the software and understand its purpose.
II. Cohesion (b) Easy to add functionality to a software without having to redesign it.
III. Scalable (c) Focus of a code upon a single goal.
IV. Readable (d) Reliance of a code module upon other code modules.
Codes:
I II III IV1.(b) (a) (d) (c)
2. (c) (d) (a) (b)
3. (d) (c) (b) (a)
4. (d) (a) (c) (b)
Match the following:
a. Good quality i. Program does not fail for a specified time in a given environment
b. Correctness ii. Meets the functional requirements
c. Predictable iii. Meets both functional and non-functional requirements
d. Reliable iv. Process is under statistical control
Codes:
a b c d1.iii ii iv i
2. ii iii iv i
3. i ii iv iii
4. i ii iii iv
Match the following:
a. Watson-Felix model i. Failure intensity
b. Quick-Fix model ii. Cost estimation
c. Putnam resource allocation model iii. Project planning
d. Logarithmetic- Poisson Model iv. Maintenance
Codes:
a b c d1.ii i iv iii
2. i ii iv iii
3. ii i iii iv
4.ii iv iii i
Match the software maintenance activities in List-I to its meaning in List-II.
List-I List-II
I. Corrective (a) Concerned with performing activities to reduce the software complexity
thereby improving program understandability and increasing software
maintainability.
II. Adaptive (b) Concerned with fixing errors that are observed when the software is in
use.
III. Perfective (c) Concerned with the change in the software that takes place to make
the software adaptable to new environment (both hardware and
software).
IV. Preventive (d) Concerned with the change in the software that takes place to make the
software adaptable to changing user requirements.
Codes:
I II III IV1.(b) (d) (c) (a)
2.(b) (c) (d) (a)
3.(c) (b) (d) (a)
4.(a) (d) (b) (c)
Prototyping is used to
1.test the software as an end product
2. expand design details
3.refine and establish requirements gathering
4.None of the above
Recorded software attributes can be used in the following endeavours : (i) Cost and schedule estimates. (ii) Software product reliability predictions. (iii) Managing the development process. (iv) No where
1.(i) (ii) (iv)
2. (ii) (iii) (iv)
3. (i) (ii) (iii)
4.(i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
Regression testing is primarily related to
1.Functional testing
2. Development testing
3.Data flow testing
4. Maintenance testing
Reliability of software is directly dependent on
1.quality of the design
2.number of errors present
3.software engineers experience
4. user requirement
Sixty (60) reusable components were available for an application. If only 70% of these components can be used, rest 30% would have to be developed from scratch. If average component is 100 LOC and cost of each LOC is Rs 14, what will be the risk exposure if risk probability is 80% ?
1.Rs 25,200
2.Rs 20,160
3.Rs 25,160
4.Rs 20,400
Software engineering primarily aims on
1.reliable software
2.cost effective software
3.reliable and cost effective software
4.None of these
Software risk estimation involves following two tasks :
1.Risk magnitude and risk impact
2. Risk probability and risk impact
3.Risk maintenance and risk impact
4.Risk development and risk impact
Software safety is quality assurance activity that focuses on hazards that
1.affect the reliability of a software component
2.may cause an entire system to fail
3.may result from user input errors
4.prevent profitable marketing of the final product
The .................. of a program or computing system is the structure or structures of the system, which comprise software components, the externally visible properties of these components, and the relationship among them.
1.E-R diagram
2.Data flow diagram
3. Software architecture
4.Software design
The amount of uncertainty in a system of symbol is called
1.Bandwidth
2.Entropy
3.Loss
4.Quantum
The COCOMO model was introduced in the book title “Software Engineering Economics†authored by
1.Abraham Silberschatz
2.Barry Boehm
3. C.J. Date
4.D.E. Knuth
The COCOMO model was introduced in the book title “Software Engineering Economics†authored by
1.Abraham Silberschatz
2.Barry Boehm
3. C.J. Date
4.D.E. Knuth
The failure intensity for a basic model as a function of failures experienced is given as λ(μ)-λ0[1 – (μ)/(V0)] where λ0 is the initial failure intensity at the start of the execution, μ is the average or expected number of failures at a given point in time, the quantity V0 is the total number of failures that would occur in infinite time. Assume that a program will experience 100 failures in infinite time, the initial failure intensity was 10 failures/CPU hr. Then the decrement of failures intensity per failure will be
1.10 per CPU hr.
2. 0.1 per CPU hr.
3. –0.1 per CPU hr.
4. 90 per CPU hr.
The following three golden rules: (i) Place the user in control (ii) Reduce the user’s memory load (iii) Make the interface consistent are for
1.User satisfaction
2.Good interface design
3.Saving system’s resources
4.None of these
The number of function points of a proposed system is calculated as 500. Suppose that the system is planned to be developed in Java and the LOC/FP ratio of Java is 50. Estimate the effort (E) required to complete the project using the effort formula of basic COCOMO given below: E = a(KLOC)b Assume that the values of a and b are 2.5 and 1.0 respectively.
1.25 person months
2.75 person months
3.62.5 person months
4.72.5 person months
The Software Maturity Index (SMI) is defined as SMI = [Mf – (Fa + Fc + Fd)] / Mf Where Mf = the number of modules in the current release. Fa = the number of modules in the current release that have been added. Fc = the number of modules in the current release that have been changed. Fd = the number of modules in the current release that have been deleted. The product begins to stabilize when
1.SMI approaches 1
2.SMI approaches 0
3. SMI approaches -1
4. None of the above
The system specification is the first deliverable in the computer system engineering process which does not include
1. Functional Description
2.Cost
3.Schedule
4.Technical Analysis
Top-down design does not require
1.step-wise refinement
2.loop invariants
3.flow charting
4.modularity
Validation means
1.are we building the product right
2. are we building the right product
3.verification of fields
4.None of the above
What is the first stage in program development ?
1.Specification and design
2.System Analysis
3.Testing
4.None of the above
What is the first stage in program development ?
1.Specification and design
2. System Analysis
3.Testing
4.None of the above
Which diagram provides a formal graphic notation for modelling objects, classes and their relationships to one another ?
1.Object diagram
2. Class diagram
3.Instance diagram
4.Analysis diagram
Which model is simplest model in Software Development?
1.Waterfall model
2.Prototyping
3.Iterative
4.None of These
Which of the following is false concerning Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)?
1.It attempts to automate and integrate the majority of business processes.
2.It shares common data and practices across the enterprise.
3.It is inexpensive to implement.
4.It provides and access information in a real-time environment.
Which of the following is not a software process model?
1.Prototyping
2.Iterative
3.Timeboxing
4.Glassboxing
Which of the following metric does not depend on the programming language used ?
1.Line of code
2.Function count
3. Member of token
4.All of the above
Which of the following sets represent five stages defined by Capability Maturity Model (CMM) in increasing order of maturity?
1.Initial, Defined, Repeatable, Managed, Optimized
2. Initial, Repeatable, Defined, Managed, Optimized
3. Initial, Defined, Managed, Repeatable, Optimized
4. Initial, Repeatable, Managed, Defined, Optimized
Which of these are the 5 generic software engineering framework activities ?
1.Communication, planning, modelling, construction, deployment
2.Communication, risk management, measurement, production, reviewing
3.Analysis, designing, programming, Debugging, maintenance
4.Analysis, planning, designing, programming, testing
Which one of the following is not a risk management technique for managing the risk due to unrealistic schedules and budgets?
1.Detailed multi source cost and schedule estimation b. c. d.
2.Design Cost
3. Incremental development
4. Information hiding
Which one of the following non-functional quality attributes is not highly affected by the architecture of the software ?
1.Performance
2.Reliability
3.Usability
4.Portability
Which one of the following statements is incorrect ?
1.Pareto analysis is a statistical method used for analyzing causes, and is one of the primary tools for quality management.
2.Reliability of a software specifies the probability of failure-free operation of that software for a given time duration.
3.The reliability of a system can also be specified as the Mean Time To Failure (MTTF).
4.In white-box testing, the test cases are decided from the specifications or the requirements.
While estimating the cost of software, Lines of Code (LOC) and Function Points (FP) are used to measure which one of the following?
1.Length of code
2.Size of software
3.Functionality of software
4.None of the above
While unit testing a module, it is found that for a set of test data, maximum 90% of the code alone were tested with a probability of success 0.9. The reliability of the module is
1.atleast greater than 0.9
2.equal to 0.9
3.atmost 0.81
4.atleast 1/0.81
Working software is not available until late in the process in
1.Waterfall model
2.Prototyping model
3.Incremental model
4.Evolutionary Development model