A substance that binds to a receptor is known as
1.a Carlsson mediator
2.a ligand
3.an anti-telharsic inhibitor
4.a gluon
A typical synaptic cleft is
1.40 nm wide
2.60 nm wide
3.80 nm wide
4.20 nm wide
Neurons are specialized to receive, conduct and transmit
1.electrochemical signals
2.action potentials
3.electrical signals
4.chemical signals
Once released, neurotransmitter molecules typically produce signals in postsynaptic neurons by
1.entering the postsynaptic neuron
2.attaching to vesicles
3.binding to presynaptic receptors
4.binding to postsynaptic receptors
The abbreviation 5-HT stands for
1.serotonin
2.dopamine
3.acetylcholine
4.tryptophan
The end of the rising phase of an action potential occurs when the
1.potassium channels close
2.sodium channels close
3.potassium channels open
4.chloride channels open
A membrane potential is the difference in electrical charge between
1.potassium and sodium ions
2.the inside and outside of the cell
3.phosphoric acid and glycolipid layers
4.resting and action potentials
A neuron fires when
1.there is an excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP)
2.hyperpolarization occurs at the axon hillock
3.neurotransmitters dock onto receptor proteins
4.depolarization at the axon hillock exceeds the threshold for excitation
After release, most neurotransmitters are deactivated by
1.reuptake
2.postsynaptic receptors
3.enzymes
4.buffered diffusion
An adult brain contains roughly how many neurons?
1.10 million
2.10 billion
3.100 million
4.100 billion
Antipsychotic drugs given for schizophrenia and psychosis are.
1.selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
2.acetylcholine agonists
3.postsynaptic dopamine antagonists
4.testosterone antagonists
Drugs that facilitate the activity of a synapse of a particular neurotransmitter are said to be ______ of that neurotransmitter.
1.agonists
2.antagonists
3.autoreceptors
4.endorphins
Exogenous substances
1.originate within the body
2.are released via exocytosis
3.are natural neurotransmitters
4.originate outside the body
Interactions between neurons commonly occur across junctions called
1.synapses
2.juxtapositions
3.presynaptic membranes
4.postsynaptic membranes
Microdialysis is a technique used to measure
1.action potentials
2.inhibitory postsynaptic potentials
3.neurotransmitters
4.brain waves
Most of a neuron’s DNA is contained within its
1.cytoplasm
2.axon
3.nucleus
4.endoplasmic reticulum
Neurotransmitter release occurs through the process of
1.excitation
2.exocytosis
3.pinocytosis
4.synthesis
Neurotransmitters are often stored in
1.synaptic buttons
2.microtubules
3.vesicles
4.endoplasmic reticulum
What effect does myelination have on axons?
1.it protects them from damage
2.it slows the propagation of signals along them
3.it prevents cross talk between adjacent axons
4.it allows them to conduct signals significantly faster
What part of a neuron is sometimes myelinated?
1.dendrite
2.axon
3.soma
4.axon hillock